Calculating-machine.



No. 889,668. A.

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No. 889,668. ]?ATENTED JUNE 2.1908. E. S. ENSIGN.

GALCULATING MACHINE.

APPLIUTON FILED APR. 26. 1907.

17 SHEETS-'SHEET 2.

N0. 889,668. PATBNTBD .TUNE 2, 1908. I

E. S. BNSIGN.

GALCULATING MAGHNE. APPLICATION r1LBDAPR.za,19o7.

17 SHEETS--SHBET 3.

PATENTED JUNE 2, 1908.

E. S. ENSIGN. GALCLATING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED APR.2G.1A907.

17 SHBTS-SHBBT 4.

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B. S. ENSIGN.

GALCULATING MACHINE.

APPLIQATION FILED Amma. 1907. 17 SEBTS SHBET A TTv .H PNJ Y a. w www. kv. 0 9 n w M w %N\ A. 2, w NS www, N y m m um. Y MW n WA/ m u QQ C m v, ,QN ww A NJ.. NM\ Y m N. N N Nm w www w A n mw M M M www m m m TA r NN, www m m m NJ Sn w W m MQW. QNW @NJ L L f m m SJ @n www l h m. 5 www m W Q .QQ Wm@ No. 889,668. PATENTED JUNE 2, 1908. E. s. ENSIGN.

GALGULATING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED Unze, 1907.

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No. 888,888. 8 PATENTBD JUNE 2, 1908.

E. s. ENsIGN.

GALGULATING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED 211.26.19

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No. 889,668. PATBNTBD JUNE 2, 1908.

Y E. S. ENSIGN.

GALCULATING MACHINE.Y

APPLICATION FILED 171.26. 1907.

. 17 SHEETS-SHEET 11.

10.889,668. PATENTED JUNE'Z, 1908.

- E. s. ENSIGN.

CALCULATING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 26. 1907.

' 17 SHEETS-SHEET l2- VV/ 'TA/55555 la No. 889.668. PATENTED JUNE 2, 190s.

4P. s. BNSIGN. GALGULATI-NG MACHINE.

PPLIOATION FILED A 26. l l 'A PB 907 17 SHEETS-SHEET 13.

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PATENTBD JUNE l2, '1908.l

n E. s. BNSIGN. GALGULATING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED APB. 2B. 1907.

17 SHEETS-SHEET 14.

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5,155 i@ if? i545 55.4/ 'Z3 M 5MM/MM A TTK No. 889,668. PATENTED JUNE 2. 190'8.

CALGULATING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED Mae. 19.07.

17 SHEETS-SHEET 15.

No. 889,658. PATENTBD JUNE 2, 1908.

E. s. ENSIGN. l

GALGULATING MACHINE.

APPLIQATION FILED APR. 26. @901.

17 SHEETS-SHEET 16.

lll IvHlzllllllllllllllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII l/l// rmi-5555 No. 889,668. PATENTED JUNE 42, 1,908;

- E. S. ENSIGN.

CALGULATING MACHINE. APPLIQATIQN PI'LED Arx. ze, 1'90'1.

1-7 SHEETBuSHEET 17.

n UNITED sTATEs PATENT OEETOE.

" EMOEY sxENsIeN, OE NEwTONviLvLE, MAssAonUsETTs, AssiGNoE To ENS'IGN MANUFAC- f TUEING COMPANY, OE BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, A CORPORATION OF MASSACHUSETTS.

CALCULATING-MACHINE.

v Patented .Tune 2, 1908'.A

Application filed-Apri] 26, 1907. Serial No. 370,437.

Be itknown that I, -EMORY S. ENsrcma citizen ofthe United States, and residing at v.'NeWtonville, in the, county of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented eertain-newand useful Improvements in Calcu- Y v, ,lating-Mac'liines, of which-the following is a ieeiiication, referencey being had therein to s 1t e accompanying drawings. 'My invention relates to certain improve- E i ments in kcalculating machines of that vtype shown in my United States Letters Patent Amanner and` with greater rapidity 'than has ,heretofore been done.

i 'l One Object vof the invention is to provide an rimproved adding and multiplying machine /sojsimple that itsoperation may be quickly `understood and acquired. .My invention consists, first, in an adding Vkey board consisting of nine parallel rows and nine parallel banks of adding-keys, each key having precisely the .saine degree 'of inward =inovement (namely 3/ 16 of an inch) without regard to the values which they represent, while the eil'eotive movement transmitted to the meter will be proportioned; to vthe value represented by each key second ,11n a new and in'iproved form. of meter; third, in a new and improved form of multi- 1 pliermeter;v fourth, in-a new and improved form of adding-keys indicator or reflector; fifth, in new resettingmechanislm sixth, in

ynew multiplying mechanism; seventh, in`

,new and simple driving mechanism; eighth, in newpointing-oil' mechanism.

In. a maf-lune built according to -my invention, thev adding keys andr their respective adding plates' maybe vallowed to instantly return 'to their nornalrpositions by a single lleratiiig-lcver (hereinafter 4called the release bar) after the indicating devices have been moved tothe desired positions in any of the yarious arithmetical,problems and are automatically returned vto theirnormal posi- -tions inproblemsof addition and subtraction as soon as the meter has been operated by the depressed adding-keys.,- the depressed adding plates displaced out of normal position ly the pressure down upon their respective ad ing-keys are held so as to be met by the meter, when it isrevolved with the drivingshaft, and one or more of its wheels operated by the teeth of the depressed adding plates; the movement of the. multiplying-keys is transmitted to the indicating mechanism and all of these keys receive precisely the same degree of downward movement Without regard to the values which they represent, while the multiplicand represented by the depressed adding-keys may be quickly and accurately multiplied by any one of the depressed multiplying-keys and the, product shown 4on the meter; the depressed multiplying keys and their respective multiplier plates are automatically returned to their normal position as the meter is operated by contact with the toothed adding plates; the meter is automatically shifted, in problems of multiplication, immediately after the meter has been operated according to the depressed adding-keys andthe depressed multiplying-key, one position to the right so that the next operation of depressing a multiplying-key will -cause av multiplication to be made which would be ten times greater in each case than it would have been had the meter not'vbeen shifted; the meter may be automatically shifted to the right, Without revolving it or its driving-shaft, when one or more naughts appear inT the' multiplier; the meter may be instantly reset backward from rightv to left t0A its norm-al position; the multiplier meter shows the number of-revolutions the meter has been caused to make by the turning of its driving-shaft, and in to their normal or zero positions; the meter may berevolved inde endently of the'multiplying-keys in `prob ems of addition v'and subtraction.

My 'invention consists further, in thef legitimate combinations of the vfeatures referred to with each other and with other features not yet alluded to, and in numerous los 51 most of the gures (for example, Figs. 3 to,

l6inclusive) are made the'exact size of the machine and illustrate amachinefmade in accordance With my 1nvention,-Figure 1 is v`a'ftopv plan 'View of the complete machineY 1) 'with some parts broken away. Fig.' 2 is a left' end elevation showing motor, the box '-for 'same andv table being in section. Figs. 3 and 4-form a continuous central vertical sec- -tion n l' e 3 4 of Fig. 1, and matching on 13 lines A, A, Figs. 3 and 4. In these figures some of the interior mechanism is shown in elevation and "other ortions entirely removed for purposes of) clearer illustration. Fi 5 is avertical cross section on line'5-5 29 of ig. `1. Fi 6 is a vertical cross section on V`line 6-6 of ig. 1. Fig. 7 is a planview of the multiplyin mechanism. Fig. 8 is asimi- -lar plan view o a ortionof the same. Fig. 9 -is a plan yiew of't e balance wheel. Fig. 10 SBl'isfa vertical crosssection on line 10-10 of .-.Fig 1 with the meter in its original or normal fposition, and showing the position of the arts before the meter wheels have met and geen operated by the toothed adding-plates. 3o Fig.' 11 isa similar partial section showing the different positions of one section of the meter While the wheel of this section is being o erated by the teeth of one of the adding .-.p ates. Fig. 12 is another similar view showing the different positions of the same section of the meter after the wheel has been fully operated by the adding plate and the carry-up hammer (shown in Fig. 32) for that wheel has only been partly o erated. Fig.

1-40 `13 is another similar View of t e same parts showing the carry-up hammer bein reset by onecof the recocking in ers, after t ie carry- ,ing rocess is complete Fig. 14 is a verticalpcross-section on line 14-14 of Fig; 1.

A Fig'. 15 is a partial central vertical section on v thershifting evice taken on line 18-18 of YFig. 1. Fig. 19 isl a plan view of Fig. 18. 20 is a partial elevation of the right end plate of the meter. Fig. 21 is an ed e view of Fig. 20. Fi 22 isa plan View o one of the buttons. xFig. 23 -is asetion on line '23-23 of 22. Fig. 2,4 is a plan view of one of the .supports for the meter. an edgeyiew of the same. Fig.' 26 is a side view -of one of the meter wheels. Fig. 27 66 is a section on line 27-27l of Fig. 26. Figs. 28 and 29 are a plan and section of the disk collar'for the cam. Figs. 3.0` and 31 are a planand-S'etion of the cam. Figs. 32 and 33 are-al lan and edge view of one ofthe 6.5 carry-upg; grau., Figs. and l,35 are a l meter which is shown in Fig. 3.

end elevation of the snap switch shown in Fig. 17 is a section on line v Fig. 251s' plan and edge view of onerof the carry-up pawls. Figs. 36 and 37 are a plan and edge view of one of the over; rotation pawls. Figs. 38 and 39 are a lanfarid edge view of one of the hammer cocliing retaining pawls. Figs. 40 and 41 are a plan and edge View of one of the friction pawls. Figs. 42 and 43 are a plan and edge View of one of the cam operyated pawls. Fig. 44 is a plan view of the adder-bar plate. Fig. 45 is a plan view of one of the adding plates, namely the plate to which' one of the 4 adding-keys is connected. Fig. 46 is an under plan view of the motor, partly in section. Fig. 47 is a partial end view of motor opposite to Fig. 2 and in- Verted. Fig. 48 is a section on line 48-48 of Fig. 46. Fig. 49 is a plan view of one of the multiplier plates, namely the plate to which the 5 multiplying key is connected. Fig. 5() is a rear elevation of that portion of the Fig. 51 is an Fig. 2. Figf52 is a section on line 52-52 of Fig. 51, with bar in position for complete electric connection, and on )oint of snapping to disconnecting osition s own in Fig. 53. Fig. 53 is a side e evation, partly in section, ofthe same, in disconnecting position. Fig. 54 is a side elevation ofthe same, partly in section, with bar in complete 4electric connection.

In the'speciiication and claims the following terms will be always used to denote these particular 'parts-addingkeys are the several series of keys fully shown in Fig. 1 in outof their iiormalpositions a similar number of ltoothed segments or adding plates to which they are attached, and which plates for convenience will be designated the adding plates. Multiplying-keys are the nine keys,- also fully'shown iii Fig. 1 in the forward right end portion of the machine, and used for operating or throwing out of their normal positions asimilar number of multiplier plates to Awhich they are attached, these plates being used to allow the meter to operate and to limit its motion, and will be designated the .multiplier plates. Shift key is the' Zero key, bearing upon its face the numeral O and which` is adjacent to and parallel with the 9 key of the multiplying-lkeys. HMeter is the revolving epicycle indica'tor, seen through the large plateA pf glass and which I have shown as containing sixteen spools ory wheels. This meter is independent of the adding-keys and is used for indicating the sum of the gures as they are added, the product in multiplication, the remainderin subtraction, and the quotient andits remainder in division. Multiplier meter is the indicator onthe left forward portion of the machine, seen through the smallerplate of glass, and operable from'the the forward central portion of the machine,

and which are used for operating or throwing showing the number of figures in the, column added, showing the multi lier in multiplication, and the quotient in ivision i use,--i n: probleins of addition and subtraction' thus vproving the answer in division. The

,f. -,ind icator is in the form of a reflector, seen v theelever'for revolving the meterv independntlyfof thel multiplying-keys, prin cipal y lfor land,.ioryrevolving the meter in resetting and the upper finger bar, shown in Fig 1., situated b etween the' nm'ltiplyingA and adding .keys, ,The release-bars is the lever for re-V leasingfthe adding-keys and allowing the. re,-

turn of the vadding plates when it is desired ,tof resetj the adding mechanism without operating the adder-bar, aiid is the bar situated immediately below the' adder-bar, as. shown. 1in Fig. 1. f The ,resettingl`ever is 'thelever situated atthe extreme left; of the machine, on the outer side of the case, see Fig. 11.

Latitude is allowedherein as to details, as

'i `they maybe changed orvaried at will with dra out departing from the spirit of my invention ndthesame yet `remain intact and be protette/df; f

In orderthat the construction and operation may he. the more readily comprehended IgE hall endeavor,` whenever rac-ticahle, to

preface the description ofi t e mechanism with, `a1 `statement of the endto be accomplishedthe1eby; vThe descriptions of the yarious mechanisms will be given in order of their operation 4in the machine.

'Qorresponding and like arts are referred in the following description and indicated f, Si@ a-llthe views oi'A the drawings by the same rence characters.

hcfmmeworc and tabla-Referring to the wings,A 1.07, see Fig. 2, re )resents the table; -to the under side of whic is attached thebox 11,0 which incloses the m'tor, governor, power spring and other driving mechanism .and upon which table rests the base plate or main bed 52 of the machine. 'lhis base-platesupports the frame ofthe machine an (l "'tl1ecase or housing 53; the case being attached tothebase-plate by the screws 5S. The case may-'be constructed in any suitable form and mannen/butl referahly usc a case 'constructed as shown/in' wigs: 1, 2, 5 and 6 of' thedrawingsand within which is placed all the operating parts of the machine with the exce tio`n of parts of the driving-mechanism whic i are mclosed 1 n the hoX 110. The rear of ,the frameworkis semlclrcular, extendlng l' u ward in *the shape rof 'a hood as clearly `s ownm Figs. `1 and 2.

'lhe multiplying lmechanism is situated in theright end porti'on of the machine, as shown in Figs. 1 and .53h is the pointer 57,

4 to 6 inclusive and is partly covered by the hood.

midwa of the machine as shown in FiO'. 1

and is partly covered by the hood but a glass siglit-oriiice 54 is provided for permitting the iigures upon the meter and indicator' to be read. -'lhis sightori{ice 54 extends nearly across the front upper part of the machine so that all of the numeral wheels of the meter may be read, even when the meter h as been shifted to its eXtreme right position. A glass sightorilce 55 on the forward left portion of the machine, extending from the left side of the adding mechanism to the left end of the case allows the multiplier meter to be read. Extending through a dust proof shift case 56, in the to portion of the case hereinafter fully described.

`By eXaminingFig-s. 1, 2, 5, 6 and l0, it will be noticed that thebase plate 52 is extended quite a distance forward atthe right end of the machine to allow forsthte multiplying mechanism, and is also likewise extended that the case 53 covers the greater portion of the front part ofrthe multiplying and adding mechanisms.

Tie-rods 59 are used quite extensivel lthroughout the machine to ysecurely hold di ferent sections of the machine together and so that thev different sections of the machine can be quickly separated and access to any part of the machine obtained to be adjusted or repaired, without taking down the entire machine.

The adding mechanism is situated about soi.

forward below the adding mechanism, and f Upon some of t'he'tierods 59 are i separators or spacers 6() to keep the parts in their respective positions. .A Adding-keys and their mechanism.*M improved machine is so constructed that the finger disks of the adding-keys 6l are all 'at a uniform anglcof about 45, and each of the adding-keys should "receive precisely the same degree of an inwardunovement, namely 3 16 of an inch, without regard-to the values which they represent. i These keys are used in all off the arithmetical problems and oder but little resistance to the depressive 'movement in order not to tax the strength of the operator, 'and each key without respect to the value represented receivesi the -same amount of movement inwardly at an angle of 45. The addingkeys 61 and their adding plates 62, see Figs. 1, l() and'15 comprise in general a nu mher of series of parallel keys and plates each series having nine keys respectively in v alue from 1 f to 9 from the lower to the upper key and nine plates from left to Aright in value respectively from ((1)7 t() l(975.

.l I have shown in my. drawings nine series which are parallel to and independent of one another, although the machine may be built 

